Today in History (July 7th):
1846: U.S. Navy Commodore J.D. Sloat proclaimed the annexation of California by the United States.
1860: Birthdays: Austrian composer Gustav Mahler.
1865: Four people convicted of conspiring with John Wilkes Booth in the assassination of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln were hanged in Washington.
1887: Birthdays: Russian-born painter Marc Chagall.
1898: U.S. President William McKinley signed a joint resolution of Congress authorizing the annexation of Hawaii by the United States.
1899: Birthdays: Film director George Cukor.
1901: Birthdays: Italian film director Vittorio De Sica.
1906: Birthdays: Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Leroy Satchel Paige; Zither player Anton Karas (The Third Man).
1907: Birthdays: Science fiction author Robert Heinlein.
1911: Birthdays: Composer Gian Carlo Menotti.
1919: Birthdays: Chicago 7 defense lawyer William Kunstler.
1921: Birthdays: Ezzard Charles, heavyweight boxing champion.
1922: Birthdays: French fashion designer Pierre Cardin.
1924: Birthdays: Singer Mary Ford.
1927: Birthdays: Bandleader Doc Severinsen.
1930: Construction of the Hoover Dam was begun.
1933: Birthdays: Historian David McCullough.
1940: Birthdays: Former Beatle Ringo Starr.
1943: Birthdays: Film critic Joel Siegel.
1946: Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini (1850-1917) became the first American to be canonized a saint in the Roman Catholic Church. Birthdays: Actor Joe Spano.
1949: Birthdays: Actor Shelley Duvall.
1959: Birthdays: Actor Billy Campbell.
1973: U.S. President Richard Nixon said he wouldn’t appear before the Senate Watergate Investigating Committee or give it access to White House files.
1980: Birthdays: Figure skater Michelle Kwan.
1981: Sandra Day O’Connor was chosen by U.S. President Ronald Reagan to become the first woman on the U.S. Supreme Court. She was unanimously approved by the Senate.
1999: A Miami-Dade County jury held the leading tobacco companies liable for various illnesses of Florida smokers. The class-action lawsuit, filed in 1994, was the first of its kind to reach trial.
2003: Actor and dancer Buddy Ebsen, known to millions of TV fans as Beverly Hillbilly Jed Clampett and detective Barnaby Jones, died in Southern California. He was 95.
2005: Terrorists struck the London transit system, setting off explosions in three subway cars and a double-decker bus in a coordinated rush-hour attack. Fifty-two people were killed and more than 700 injured.
2009: Thousands of figures from the worlds of entertainment, politics, sports and activism jammed into Los Angeles’ Staples Center, and about 250,000 others gather outside the building, for a public memorial service for pop icon Michael Jackson.
2010: A Paris court sentenced former Panama ruler Manuel Noriega to seven years in prison for money laundering. He was convicted of funneling about $3 million of Colombian drug money into French bank accounts.
2011: A federal appeals court barred further enforcement of the U.S. military’s ban on openly gay service members, the don’t ask, don’t tell policy scheduled to end on repeal in September.
2012: U.S. Rep. Barney Frank of Massachusetts married his longtime partner, Jim Ready, in a ceremony officiated by Gov. Deval Patrick.
Quotes
“We are all born ignorant but one must work hard to remain stupid.” – Benjamin Franklin
“I’ve just learned about his illness. Let’s hope it’s nothing trivial.” – Irvin S. Cobb
“The frustrating thing is that the key to success doesn’t always fit your ignition.” – Anonymous
“Power is only important as an instrument for service to the powerless.” – Lech Walesa, human rights activist, Polish president, Nobel laureate (b. 1943)
“Solitude has but one disadvantage; it is apt to give one too high an opinion of one’s self. In the world we are sure to be often reminded of every known or supposed defect we may have.” – Lord Byron, poet (1788-1824)
“Interpretation is the revenge of the intellect upon art.” – Susan Sontag, author and critic (1933-2004)
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Robert A. Heinlein (1907-1988) US writer:
“‘Juvenile delinquent’ is a contradiction in terms, one which gives a clue to their problem and failure to solve it.”
“What is supposed to happen in a democracy is that each sovereign citizen will always vote in the public interest for the safety and welfare of all. But what does happen is that he votes his own self-interest as he sees it… which for the majority translates as ‘Bread and Circuses’.”
“An armed society is a polite society.”
“A sword never jams, never has to be reloaded, is always ready. It’s worst shortcoming is that it takes great skill and patient, loving practice to gain that skill; it can’t be taught to raw recruits in weeks, nor even months.”
“Unless you intend to kill him immediately thereafter, never kick a man in the balls. Not even symbolically. Or perhaps especially not symbolically.”
“Men rarely (if ever) dream up a God superior to themselves. Most gods have the manners and morals of a spoiled child.”
“History does not record anywhere a religion that has any rational basis. Religion is a crutch for people not strong enough to stand up to the unknown without help. But, like dandruff, most people do have a religion and spend time and money on it and seem to derive considerable pleasure from fiddling with it.”
“Offensive speech, bad manners, and filthy toilets all seem to go together.”
exiguous
PRONUNCIATION: (ig-ZIG-yoo-us)
MEANING: (adjective), Extremely scanty; meager.
ETYMOLOGY: Exiguous comes from Latin exiguus, “strictly weighed; too strictly weighed,” hence “scanty, meager,” from exigere, “to determine; to decide; to weigh.”
USAGE: “Janice worked as a waitress in an effort to supplement her exiguous income working at a big box retailer, although neither employer was sympathetic to the other’s schedule.”
poker-faced
PRONUNCIATION: (PO-kuhr fayst)
http://wordsmith.org/words/poker-faced.mp3
MEANING: (adjective), Having an expressionless face, giving no hints of one’s thoughts and feelings.
ETYMOLOGY: From the necessity of not showing emotions in a game of poker to avoid giving other players an indication of the strength of one’s hand. The origin of the term poker is uncertain. It may be from French poque (a similar card game that involves bluffing), from German pochen (to knock, brag). Earliest documented use: 1915 (for the word poker: 1832).]
USAGE: “Sonam Kapoor appears poker-faced in a few scenes when she is supposed to look romantic.” – Unexpected Spunky Romance; The Himalayan Times (Kathmandu, Nepal); Jun 21, 2013.
Explore “poker-faced” in the Visual Thesaurus.
http://visualthesaurus.com/?w1=poker-faced
anemometer
PRONUNCIATION: (an-uh-MOM-i-tuhr)
http://wordsmith.org/words/anemometer.mp3
MEANING: (noun), An instrument for measuring the speed of wind.
ETYMOLOGY: From Greek anemo- (wind) + -meter (measure).
USAGE: “The highest three-second wind gust measured by the anemometer on the Mile High Swinging Bridge was 77 mph May 9.” – Above-Average Temperatures, Dryness in May at Grandfather Mountain; Asheville Citizen-Times (North Carolina); Jun 4, 2010.
Explore “anemometer” in the Visual Thesaurus.
http://visualthesaurus.com/?w1=anemometer
panoply
PRONUNCIATION: (PAN-uh-plee)
http://wordsmith.org/words/panoply.mp3
MEANING: (noun)
1. A wide-ranging array of resources.
2. A full suit of armor.
3. A protective covering.
4. A ceremonial attire or paraphernalia.
ETYMOLOGY: From Greek panoplia (a complete suit of armor), from pan (all) + hopla (arms, armor), plural of hoplon (weapon).
USAGE: “Ask one of those corporate bosses in receipt of a fat bonus why they need an incentive to do their job to the best of their ability when workers ranging from surgeons to school caretakers do not, and they are usually at a loss for a coherent explanation. The panoply of bonuses and awards has simply become the norm.” – Julia Finch; Bonus Scam Admitted At Last; The Guardian (London, UK); Jun 9, 2009.