Today in History (August 18th):
1227: Genghis Khan, the Mongol leader who forged an empire stretching from the east coast of China west to the Aral Sea, died in camp during a campaign against the Chinese kingdom of Xi Xia.
1587: Birthdays: Virginia Dare, the first child of English parents to be born in the New World, was born at Roanoke Island, part of what would become North Carolina.
1750: Birthdays: Italian composer Antonio Salieri.
1774: Birthdays: Explorer Meriwether Lewis.
1834: Birthdays: Chicago department store founder Marshall Field.
1873: Birthdays: Songwriter Otto Harbach (Smoke Gets In Your Eyes).
1904: Birthdays: Cosmetics businessman Max Factor.
1917: Birthdays: Former Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger.
1920: The 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, guaranteeing women the right to vote, was ratified by Tennessee, giving it the two-thirds majority of state ratification necessary to make it the law of the land. Birthdays: Actor Shelley Winters.
1927: Birthdays: Former first lady Rosalynn Carter.
1933: Birthdays: Film director Roman Polanski.
1934: Birthdays: Baseball Hall of Fame member Roberto Clemente.
1935: Birthdays: Olympic gold medal winning decathlete Rafer Johnson.
1937: Birthdays: Actor Robert Redford.
1943: Birthdays: Actor Martin Mull.
1952: Birthdays: Actor Patrick Swayze.
1957: Birthdays: Actor Denis Leary.
1958: Birthdays: Actor Madeleine Stowe.
1960: The first commercially produced oral contraceptives went on the market.
1963: James Meredith graduated from the University of Mississippi. He was the first African-American to attend the school and his enrollment touched off deadly riots, necessitating the use of armed guards.
1969: Birthdays: Actor Edward Norton; Actor Christian Slater.
1970: Birthdays: Actor Malcolm-Jamal Warner.
1976: U.S. President Gerald Ford was nominated in Kansas City, Mo., to head the Republican presidential ticket but lost to Democrat Jimmy Carter in November.
1977: Julius Groucho Marx, leader of the comedy troupe the Marx Brothers, died at the age of 87.
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1982: Lebanon and the Palestine Liberation Organization approved a plan for withdrawal of PLO fighters from besieged West Beirut. Israel approved it the following day.
1990: U.S. warships fired warning shots over the bows of two Iraqi tankers, the first salvos of a U.S. embargo.
1992: A convoy of 17 buses carrying 1,000 women and children left war-torn Sarajevo in the second such evacuation from Bosnia in a week.
1998: In the wake of his admission of an affair with former White House intern Monica Lewinsky, U.S. President Bill Clinton was urged to resign by several members of Congress and more than 100 daily newspapers.
2002: Abu Nidal, one of the most feared of the Palestinian terrorists, was found shot to death, an apparent suicide.
2003: Authorities estimated as many as 10,000 people died because of the heat in France during a European heat wave.
2005: Dennis Rader, the Kansas man who called himself the BTK killer — for bind, torture, kill — and confessed to slaying 10 people, was sentenced to 10 consecutive life-in-prison terms.
2008: Threatened by impeachment and badgered by faltering economy and security, Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf announced his resignation.
2009: Kim Dae-jung, who served as South Korean president from 1998-2003, died after a prolonged bout of pneumonia. A Nobel Peace Prize laureate and a strong democracy advocate, he was 85.
2010, U.S. combat troops completed their withdrawal from Iraq, where 50,000 American troops remained, primarily as trainers, U.S. military officials said. More than 4,400 U.S. troops died in combat that began in March 2003. At least 18 children were killed in the collapse of a school building caused by heavy monsoon rains in northern India.
2011: Libyan rebels seized the port city of Zawiyah and its oil refinery, only 31 miles west of capitol city Tripoli, in their escalating effort to unseat Moammar Qadhafi. U.S. President Barack Obama formally called on Syrian President Bashar Assad to resign for the sake of the Syrian people. Obama also announced unprecedented sanctions to further isolate Syria financially.
Quotes
“The most dangerous of our calculations are those we call illusions.” – Georges Bernanos
Rosalyn Carter (1927- ) US First Lady (40):
“A leader takes people where they want to go. A great leader takes people where they don’t necessarily want to go, but ought to be.”
“You have to have confidence in your ability, and then be tough enough to follow through.”
“If you don’t accept failure as a possibility, you don’t set high goals, you don’t branch out, you don’t try — you don’t take the risk.”
“Do what you can to show you care about other people, and you will make our world a better place.”
“If we have not achieved our early dreams, we must either find new ones or see what we can salvage from the old. If we have accomplished what we set out to do in our youth, we need not weep like Alexander the Great that we have no more worlds to conquer.”
“Don’t worry about polls, but if you do, don’t admit it.”
“You must accept that you might fail; then, if you do your best and still don’t win, at least you can be satisfied that you’ve tried.”