Today in History (January 13th):
1808: Birthdays: Salmon P. Chase, sixth Chief Justice of the United States and whose image is on the U.S. $10,000 bill.
1832: Birthdays: Horatio Alger, author of rags-to-riches stories.
1854: Anthony Faas patented the accordion.
1864: Deaths: Composer Stephen Foster (My Old Kentucky Home) died in a New York hospital, three days after he was found sick and almost penniless in a hotel room.
1885: Birthdays: Alfred Fuller, the original Fuller Brush Man.
1886: Birthdays: Singer Sophie Tucker.
1910: Radio pioneer and electron tube inventor Lee Deforest arranged the world’s first public radio broadcast, a performance by the New York Metropolitan Opera.
1915: Nearly 30,000 people killed in an earthquake in Avezzano, Italy.
1919: Birthdays: Actor Robert Stack.
1922: Birthdays: Hollywood columnist Army Archerd.
1925: Birthdays: Actor Gwen Verdon.
1930: Birthdays: Actor Frances Sternhagen.
1931: Birthdays: Actor Charles Nelson Reilly.
1934: Birthdays: Actor Rip Taylor.
1941: Deaths: Irish novelist James Joyce died at age 58.
1943: Birthdays: Actor Richard Moll.
1949: Birthdays: Television executive Brandon Tartikoff.
1953: Josip Broz Tito was chosen president of Yugoslavia. He would serve until May 1980.
1960: Birthdays: Actor Kevin Anderson.
1961: Birthdays: Actor Julia Louis-Dreyfus.
1964: Birthdays: Actor Penelope Ann Miller.
1966: Birthdays: Actor Patrick Dempsey.
1977: Birthdays: Actor Orlando Bloom.
1982: An Air Florida Boeing 737 crashed into a Potomac River bridge in Washington, killing 78 people.
1987: Seven top New York Mafia bosses were sentenced to 100 years in prison each, including the heads of the Genovese, Colombo and Lucchese crime families.
1990: L. Douglas Wilder took office in Virginia, becoming the first elected African-American governor of a U.S. state.
1991: A Soviet crackdown in the Baltics killed 15 and injured 140. At least 40 South Africans were killed and 50 injured when fighting erupted during a soccer game in Orkney.
1993: U.S. and allied fighter planes bombed targets in southern Iraq to punish Saddam Hussein for his repeated violations of U.N. resolutions that ended the Persian Gulf War.
1997: U.S. President Bill Clinton awarded the Medal of Honor to seven African-American soldiers for their courage in action in Italy during World War II. It was the first time the medal was given to black WWII servicemen.
1999: Michael Jordan, regarded by many as the greatest basketball player ever, announced his retirement. He had led the Chicago Bulls to six NBA championships.
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2001: More than 800 people were killed when an early morning earthquake shook the coast of El Salvador.
2003: Pope John Paul II argued forcibly against war in Iraq except as the very last option and said such a conflict would be a defeat for humanity.
2005: The 15-year-old boy accusing Michael Jackson of child molestation, vividly described sexual encounters in testimony before a grand jury. U.S. major league baseball players agreed to stricter policy for steroids and other drugs that includes testing and tougher penalties.
2009: Timothy Geithner, President-elect Barack Obama’s nominee for treasury secretary, was questioned about allegedly failing to pay taxes from 2001-04 on his salary from the International Monetary Fund, classified as self-employment. Officials said the matter was resolved and Geithner was confirmed.
2010: The White House Council of Economic Advisers said in a report that stimulus legislation added around 3 percentage points to the gross domestic product over the final two quarters of 2009 and raised employment 1.5 million-2 million jobs in the fourth quarter.
2011: The U.S. unemployment rate dropped from 9.8 to 9.4 percent but the U.S. Labor Department said numbers reflected more workers giving up on looking for work.
2012: The cruise ship Costa Concordia slammed into a rocky shoal near the Italian coast and capsized, killing 32 people. The ship’s captain was accused of manslaughter, causing the shipwreck and abandoning ship before over 4,000 passengers and crew were evacuated.
Quotes
“There are two kinds of light — the glow that illuminates, and the glare that obscures.” – James Thurber, writer and cartoonist (1894-1961)
“A camel is a horse designed by committee.” – Alec Issigonis (The Guardian)
Elmer Davis (1890-1958) US newspaperman, radio commentator, and author:
“Applause, mingled with boos and hisses, is about all that the average voter is able or willing to contribute to public life.”
“One of the things that is wrong with America is that everybody who has done anything at all in his own field is expected to be an authority on every subject under the sun.”
“The first and great commandment is, Don’t let them scare you.”
“This nation will remain the land of the free only so long as it is the home of the brave.”
“This nation was conceived in liberty and dedicated to the principle – among others – that honest men may honestly disagree; that if they all say what they think, a majority of the people will be able to distinguish truth from error.”
“This republic was not established by cowards; and cowards will not preserve it.”
sang-froid
PRONUNCIATION: (san*-FRWA) [* the first syllable is nasal]
http://wordsmith.org/words/sang-froid.mp3
MEANING: (noun), Calmness, especially under stress.
ETYMOLOGY: From French sang-froid (cold blood). Earliest documented use: 1750.
USAGE: We can take a lot more, we the stoic nation with its legendary sang-froid.” – S. Prasannarajan; Shame el-Sheikh; India Today (New Delhi); Aug 3, 2009.
Explore “sang-froid” in the Visual Thesaurus.
http://visualthesaurus.com/?w1=sang-froid
gyrovague
PRONUNCIATION: (JYE-ro-vayg)
MEANING: (noun). A monk who travels from one place to another.
ETYMOLOGY: From French, from Late Latin gyrovagus gyro- (circle) + vagus (wandering).
USAGE: “After his retirement Mickey planned to become a sort of gyrovague, travelling the country in his forty-foot trailer, righting wrongs and enfranchising the disenfranchised.”