Today in History (February 26th):
1531: An earthquake in Lisbon, Portugal, killed an estimated 20,000 people.
1797: The Bank of England issued the first pound note.
1802: Birthdays: French novelist and poet Victor Hugo.
1815: Napoleon Bonaparte and 1,200 men left his exile on the Isle of Elba to start his 100-day campaign to regain France.
1829: Birthdays: Levi Strauss, who created the world’s first pair of jeans.
1846: Birthdays: American frontiersman William Buffalo Bill Cody.
1852: Birthdays: Surgeon and cornflakes developer John Kellogg.
1887: Birthdays: Hall of Fame baseball pitcher Grover Cleveland Alexander; Actor William Frawley.
1914: Birthdays: Actor Robert Alda.
1916: Birthdays: Actor Jackie Gleason.
1920: Birthdays: Actor Tony Randall.
1921: Birthdays: Actor Betty Hutton.
1928: Birthdays: Rock ‘n’ roll Hall of Fame member Antoine Fats Domino; Former Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon.
1931: Birthdays: Political commentator Robert Novak.
1932: Birthdays: Singer Johnny Cash.
1935: Germany began operation of its air force, the Luftwaffe, under Reichmarshal Hermann Goering.
1945: Birthdays: Rock musician Mitch Ryder.
1952: Prime Minister Winston Churchill announced that the United Kingdom had an atomic bomb.
1953: Birthdays: Singer Michael Bolton.
1954: Birthdays: Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan.
1984: The last U.S. Marines sent to Lebanon as part of a multinational peacekeeping force left Beirut. Some 250 of the deployed 800 Marines died during the 18-month mission in the war-torn Lebanese capital.
1991: U.S. Marines entered Kuwait City as Iraqi troops retreated.
1992: A U.N. report accused Iraq of systematic human rights violations including brutal torture and widespread arbitrary and summary executions during its occupation of Kuwait.
1993: A powerful bomb exploded in the parking garage below the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York, killing six people and injuring more than 1,000.
1994: 11 members of the Branch Davidian religious cult were acquitted of murder and conspiracy charges stemming from the 1993 federal raid and siege at the compound near Waco, Texas.
1997: The Israeli Cabinet approved development of a large Jewish neighborhood in East Jerusalem, a traditionally Arab area.
1998: A federal jury in Amarillo, Texas, ruled in favor of Oprah Winfrey in a lawsuit filed by Texas cattlemen. They said she caused beef prices to fall with her 1996 talk show about mad cow disease.
2003: The U.S. Supreme Court lifted its nationwide ban on protests that interfere with abortion clinic business. A Colombian army helicopter searching for guerrillas crashed in the mountains in northern Colombia, killing all 23 people aboard.
2004: The U.S. Senate approved a measure requiring child safety locks be supplied with most handguns sold in the United States.
2005: Bank of America acknowledged it lost computer tapes containing account information on 1.2 million federal employee credit cards, including those of some U.S. senators.
2006: The Winter Olympic Games ended in Turin, Italy. Germany won the most medals, 29, of which 11 were gold. The U.S. team won 25 medals, including nine gold. Canada, Austria and Russia came next.
2007: The death toll from a fire aboard an Indonesian ferry that later sank rose to 48 with scores of people missing off Jakarta.
2008: As U.S. Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., moved closer to clinching the Republican presidential nomination, a USA Today/Gallup Poll indicated it would be a tight race for the presidency no matter whether Sen. Barack Obama, D-Ill., or Sen. Hillary Clinton, D-N.Y., won the almost dead-heat Democratic contest.
2009: The Obama administration estimated government spending during the 2010 fiscal year to be $3.55 trillion, 9.8 percent less than 2009, and expected revenues to rise 8.9 percent to $2.38 trillion. The Bangladesh military was called in to put down a mutiny by border guards, who staged a violent, wide-spread rebellion, reportedly over money. Officials placed the death toll at 77.
2010: The three major U.S. stock market indexes were on the plus side in February as the Dow Jones industrial average showed a 2.6 percent one-month gain and closed at 10,325.26 while the Nasdaq composite rose 4.2 percent and the Standard and Poor’s 500 was up 2.9 percent.
2011: The U.N. Security Council voted unanimously to impose strong sanctions on Libya and called for a war crimes investigation.
2012: A riot at a Venezuelan prison left a reported 50 people dead and dozens injured, latest in a series of violent incidents in the nation’s crowded jails.
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“Wars damage the civilian society as much as they damage the enemy. Soldiers never get over it.” – Paul Fussell, historian, author, and professor (b. 1924)
“In everyone’s life, at some time, our inner fire goes out. It is then burst into flame by an encounter with another human being. We should all be thankful for those people who rekindle the inner spirit.” – Albert Schweitzer
Victor Hugo (1802-1885) French poet, dramatist, and novelist:
“The learned man knows that he is ignorant.”
“A compliment is something like a kiss through a veil.”
“A faith is a necessity to a man. Woe to him who believes in nothing.”
“A library implies an act of faith.”
“A man is not idle because he is absorbed in thought. There is a visible labor and there is an invisible labor.”
“A saint addicted to excessive self-abnegation is a dangerous associate; he may infect you with poverty, and a stiffening of those joints which are needed for advancement – in a word, with more renunciation than you care for – and so you flee the contagion.”
“Adversity makes men, and prosperity makes monsters.”
“All the forces in the world are not so powerful as an idea whose time has come.”
“An intelligent hell would be better than a stupid paradise.”
“An invasion of armies can be resisted, but not an idea whose time has come.”
“Architecture has recorded the great ideas of the human race. Not only every religious symbol, but every human thought has its page in that vast book.”
“As the purse is emptied, the heart is filled.”
visceral
PRONUNCIATION: (VIS-er-uhl)
MEANING: (adjective)
1. Related to viscera.
2. Instinctive, not reasoning or intellectual.
3. Dealing with base emotions; earthy, crude.
ETYMOLOGY: From Medieval Latin visceralis, from Latin viscera (internal organs), plural of viscus (flesh). From the belief that viscera were the seat of emotions.
USAGE: “While Jason was not to remain to torment his legions of enemies, the visceral brand of politics he played would probably never go away.”
hagiarchy
PRONUNCIATION: (HAG-ee-ar-kee, HAY-jee-)
MEANING: (noun), A government by holy persons. Also a place thus governed.
ETYMOLOGY: From Greek hagi- (holy) + -archy (rule). Earliest documented use: 1826.
NOTES: Two synonyms of this term are hagiocracy and hierocracy. Also, literally speaking, hierarchy is the rule of the high priest.
USAGE: “Brazil’s drug lords are altar boys compared with the Mexican and Colombian hagiarchy.” – Mac Margolis; Brazil’s New Drug Habit; Newsweek International; May 28, 2001.
Explore “hagiarchy” in the Visual Thesaurus.
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capricious
PRONUNCIATION: (kuh-PRISH-uhs, -PREE-shuhs)
http://wordsmith.org/words/capricious.mp3
MEANING: adjective: Whimsical, impulsive, unpredictable.
ETYMOLOGY: From Italian capriccio (caprice), literally head with hair standing onend, from capo (head) + riccio (hedgehog). Earliest documented use: 1594.
USAGE: “Such is the peril of entrusting one’s employment to the whim of a capricious oligarch.” – Rory Smith; Whispers of Disapproval; The Independent (London, UK); Dec 1, 2011.
Explore “capricious” in the Visual Thesaurus.
http://visualthesaurus.com/?w1=capricious