Today in History (November 7th):
1728: Birthdays: British explorer Capt. James Cook.
1805: The Lewis and Clark Expedition arrived at the Pacific Ocean.
1832: Birthdays: Andrew Dickson White, educator and diplomat.
1867: Birthdays: Madame Marie Curie, physicist and chemist, discoverer of radium.
1874: The Republican Party was first symbolized as an elephant in a cartoon drawn by Thomas Nast in Harper’s Weekly magazine.
1878: Birthdays: Lise Meitner, physicist and mathematician.
1879: Birthdays: Leon Trotsky, Communist revolutionary.
1890: Birthdays: Band leader Phil Spitalny (known for his all-female orchestra).
1897: Birthdays: Writer and film director Herman Mankiewicz.
1903: Birthdays: Dean Jagger, Actor; Konrad Lorenz, zoologist and ethologist.
1906: Birthdays: Musician/comic Red Ingle.
1913: Birthdays: Albert Camus (1913–1960), French novelist, born in Algiers.
1916: Republican Jeannette Rankin of Montana became the first woman elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.
1917: Vladimir Lenin’s forces overthrew Alexander Kerensky’s government in Russia’s Bolshevik Revolution in St. Petersburg.
1918: Birthdays: Billy Graham, evangelist.
1922: Birthdays: Jazz trumpeter Al Hirt.
1926: Birthdays: Joan Sutherland, Australian soprano.
1940: Only four months after its completion, the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in Washington state, the third longest suspension bridge in the world at the time, collapsed. No one was injured.
1942: Birthdays: Singer Johnny Rivers.
1943: Birthdays: Joni Mitchell, songwriter/singer.
1944: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt was re-elected to a fourth term, defeating Thomas E. Dewey, in the midst of World War II but died the following April. Harry Truman, his vice president, succeeded him as president.
1962: Deaths: Former first lady Eleanor Roosevelt died in New York City at age 78.
1967: Carl Stokes of Cleveland became the first African American mayor of a major U.S. city.
1972: Republican Richard Nixon was re-elected as president of the United States, defeating Democrat George McGovern.
1983: A bomb exploded in the U.S. Capitol, causing heavy damage just outside the Senate chamber but there were no injuries.
1985: Colombian troops ended a 27-hour siege of Bogota’s Palace of Justice by 35 M-19 guerrillas. Eleven Supreme Court judges were among the 100 people killed.
1987: U.S. Supreme Court nominee Douglas Ginsburg withdrew his 9-day-old candidacy following criticism of his judicial ethics and his disclosure that he had used marijuana.
1989: Democrat David Dinkins was elected as the first black mayor of New York City. In Virginia, Democrat Douglas Wilder claimed victory in a razor-thin race to become the first black elected governor in the United States. Night Stalker Richard Ramirez was formally sentenced in Los Angeles to die in the gas chamber for 13 killings.
1991: Basketball star Earvin Magic Johnson disclosed he was HIV-positive and announced he was retiring from the NBA’s Los Angeles Lakers.
2000: In one of the closest U.S. presidential elections, Republican George W. Bush and Democrat Al Gore wound up in almost a dead heat with Bush declared the winner more than a month later following turmoil over the disputed Florida vote that ultimately involved the U.S. Supreme Court.
2001: U.S.-led jets resumed bombing in northern Afghanistan, targeting Taliban positions near the country’s northeastern border with Tajikistan.
2004: In an overwhelming show of force, France put down a wave of anti-French violence in Ivory Coast, its former West African colony.
2005: Chilean police arrested former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori hours after he arrived in Santiago, on his way to Peru to run for president again. The 67-year-old politician was wanted for corruption and human rights abuses in his home country.
2006: Democrats regained control of the U.S. House of Representatives from the Republicans and reclaimed Senate leadership as well in 2006 midterm elections.
2008: The U.S. Labor Department announced the loss of 240,000 jobs in October, bringing the American unemployment rate to 6.5 percent, highest point since 1994. Authorities said about 90 people, mostly students, were killed when a reportedly poorly built church-run school collapsed on the outskirts of Port-au-Prince in Haiti.
2009: The U.S. House of Representatives narrowly passed — 220-215 — a sweeping overhaul of the healthcare system that backers say would provide coverage to almost all Americans after a day of intense lobbying, including a visit by President Barack Obama who made it his top priority.
2011: A Los Angeles jury found Conrad Murray guilty of involuntary manslaughter in the 2009 death of pop star Michael Jackson. The doctor, sentenced to four years in jail, was accused of causing the singer’s death by giving him anesthesia and sedatives to help him sleep and then failing to come to his aid when he was in distress. A fourth woman accused Herman Cain, a Republican candidate for the U.S. presidency, of sexually inappropriate behavior. The Cain campaign called the allegations completely false.
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Quotes
“In the case of good books, the point is not how many of them you can get through, but rather how many can get through to you.” – Mortimer J. Adler, philosopher, educator and author (1902-2001)
“In politics, if you want anything said, ask a man. If you want anything done, ask a woman.” – Margaret Thatcher
“Sex appeal is 50% what you’ve got and 50% what people think you’ve got.” – Sophia Loren
“When two opposite points of view are expressed with equal intensity, the truth does not necessarily lie exactly halfway between them. It is possible for one side to be simply wrong.” – Richard Dawkins, biologist and author (b. 1941)
Albert Camus (1913-1960) French writer, born in Algiers:
“The struggle to reach the top is itself enough to fulfill the heart of man.”
“A free press can, of course, be good or bad, but, most certainly without freedom, the press will never be anything but bad.”
“A guilty conscience needs to confess. A work of art is a confession.”
“A man without ethics is a wild beast loosed upon this world.”
“A man’s work is nothing but this slow trek to rediscover, through the detours of art, those two or three great and simple images in whose presence his heart first opened.”
“A sub-clerk in the post-office is the equal of a conqueror if consciousness is common to them.”
“Abstract Art: A product of the untalented, sold by the unprincipled to the utterly bewildered.”
“After all, every murderer when he kills runs the risk of the most dreadful of deaths, whereas those who kill him risk nothing except promotion.”
“After all manner of professors have done their best for us, the place we are to get knowledge is in books. The true university of these days is a collection of books.”
“Ah, mon cher, for anyone who is alone, without God and without a master, the weight of days is dreadful.”
“Alas, after a certain age every man is responsible for his face.”
suffrage
PRONUNCIATION: (SEH-frij)
MEANING: noun:
1. The right to vote;
2. A vote cast in deciding an issue.
3. A short, intercessory prayer on behalf of souls departed.
ETYMOLOGY: The English word “break” (German “brechen”) goes back to a Proto-Indo-European root, bhreg. The initial [bh] became [b] in English and the [g] became [k], both by regular historical change. The [bh] in Latin, however, standing at the beginning of a word as it does here, became [f], so the Latin word for “break” is “frangere,” past participle “fractus,” the origin of our word “fracture.” With the prefix sub- “under” (the final [b] assimilating to the following [f]), this stem gave Latin suffragari “to vote.” Why the connection between “break” and “vote”? The guess is that the early Romans used broken shards of pottery for casting votes.
USAGE: “There are those that would argue that we would probably elect a better government if we extended suffrage to elementary school children.”
pervicacious
PRONUNCIATION: (puhr-vi-KAY-shuhs)
MEANING: adjective: Very stubborn.
ETYMOLOGY: From Latin pervicax (stubborn). Earliest documented use: 1633.
USAGE: “Your grandmother had spunk, bless her pervicacious soul. … She had a stubborn streak, you see, very stubborn.” – David Curry Kahn; Her Mother’s Diary; Wheatmark; 2010.
vitiate
PRONUNCIATION: (VISH-ee-ayt)
http://wordsmith.org/words/vitiate.mp3
MEANING: verb tr.:
1. To impair or spoil the effectiveness of.
2. To corrupt.
ETYMOLOGY: From Latin vitiare (to spoil, injure), from vitium (blemish). Earliest recorded use: 1534.
USAGE: “The peaceful atmosphere at the school was vitiated as a police constable in an inebriated condition created a scene there.” – Alok Mishra; Women, Girls Outnumber Men in Gopalganj, Siwan; The Times of India (New Delhi); Oct 29, 2010.
Explore “vitiate” in the Visual Thesaurus.
http://visualthesaurus.com/?w1=vitiate