Today in History (June 9th):
1534: French navigator Jacques Cartier became the first European explorer to discover the St. Lawrence River in present-day Quebec, Canada.
1672: Birthdays: Russian Czar Peter the Great.
1891: Birthdays: Composer Cole Porter.
1898: Britain leased Hong Kong from China for 99 years. The territory returned to Chinese rule in 1997.
1900: Birthdays: Composer, conductor, inventor Fred Waring.
1910: Birthdays: Actor Robert Cummings.
1915: Birthdays: Guitarist and recording pioneer Les Paul.
1916: Birthdays: Robert S. McNamara, former U.S. defense secretary and World Bank president.
1930: Birthdays: Journalist Marvin Kalb.
1931: Birthdays: Comedian Jackie Mason.
1934: Donald Duck made his first screen appearance in The Wise Little Hen. Birthdays: Soul singer Jackie Wilson.
1939: Birthdays: Sportscaster Dick Vitale.
1943: The U.S. Congress passed an act authorizing employers to withhold income tax payments from salary checks.
1956: Birthdays: Writer Patricia Cornwell.
1961: Birthdays: Writer and producer Aaron Sorkin; Actor Michael J. Fox.
1963: Birthdays: Actor Johnny Depp.
1964: Birthdays: Actor Gloria Reuben.
1973: Secretariat won racing’s Triple Crown with a spectacular victory in the Belmont Stakes, first horse to do so since Citation in 1948. Earlier, Secretariat had captured the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness.
1981: Birthdays: Actor Natalie Portman.
1984: An Italian prosecutor’s report linked the Bulgarian secret service to a 1981 assassination attempt on Pope John Paul II. Three Bulgarians were indicted but a trial failed to prove charges against them.
1993: Japanese Crown Prince Naruhito married former diplomat Masako Owada in Tokyo.
1998: Gen. Abdulsalam Abubakar was sworn in as Nigeria’s military ruler, one day after the death of Gen. Sani Abacha of a heart attack.
2003: Former U.S. first lady Hillary Clinton’s memoir Living History sold 200,000 copies the first day.
2004: The body of former U.S. President Ronald Reagan was flown to Washington for a state funeral. Earlier, more than 100,000 mourners paid their respects at the Reagan presidential library in California.
2005: After weeks of protests, Bolivian President Carlos Mesa resigned.
2007: Thousands of people took to Rome’s streets to protest U.S. President George W. Bush’s visit, clashing with police who responded with tear gas. The following day, Bush was greeted with enthusiasm when he became the first U.S. president to visit Albania.
2008: Internet providers Verizon, Sprint and Time Warner agreed to block access nationwide to websites that distribute child pornography.
2009: 10 major Wall Street financial firms, including Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan Chase and Morgan Stanley, received permission from the U.S. Treasury to repay a portion of the government-issued, taxpayer-funded bailouts they had received.
2010: The United Nations passed another set of sanctions against Iran’s nuclear program, a move strongly supported by U.S. President Barack Obama.
2012: Two former Auburn University football players and another man were shot to death and three men were wounded at a party near the campus. All of the victims were under the age of 21. Police later arrested a 22-year-old man on multiple charges, including capital murder.
Quotes
“Show me a sane man and I will cure him for you.” – Carl Jung, psychiatrist (1875-1961)
“Charm is the quality in others that makes us more satisfied with ourselves.” – Henri-Frederic Amiel
“The problem with the designated driver program is it’s not a desirable job. But if you ever get sucked into doing it, have fun with it. At the end of the night, drop them off at the wrong house.” – Jeff Foxworthy
“The difference in mind between man and the higher animals, great as it is, certainly is one of degree and not of kind.” – Charles Darwin, naturalist and author (1809-1882)
“I find it difficult to feel responsible for the suffering of others. That’s why I find war so hard to bear. It’s the same with animals: I feel the less harm I do, the lighter my heart. I love a light heart. And when I know I’m causing suffering, I feel the heaviness of it. It’s a physical pain. So it’s self-interest that I don’t want to cause harm.” – Alice Walker, author (b. 1944)
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836-1917) English physician, mayor
“I think he will probably come round in time, I mean to renew the subject pretty often.”
“When I felt rather overcome with [my father’s] opposition, I said as firmly as I could, that I must have this or something else, that I could not live without some real work.”
“I asked [my father] what there was to make doctoring more disgusting than nursing, which women were always doing, and which ladies had done publicly in the Crimea. He could not tell me.”
“At first he was very discouraging, to my astonishment then, but now I fancy he did it as a forlorn hope to check me; he said the whole idea was so disgusting that he could not entertain it for a moment.”
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levin
PRONUNCIATION: (LEV-in)
MEANING: (noun), Lightning; a bright light.
ETYMOLOGY: From Middle English levene. Ultimately from Indo-European root leuk- (light) that’s resulted in other words such as lunar, lunatic, light, lightning, lucid, illuminate, illustrate, translucent, lux, and lynx.
USAGE:
“Broad and frequent through the night
Flash’d the sheets of levin-light;”
Walter Scott; The Dance of Death; 1815.
canorous
PRONUNCIATION: (kuh-NOR-uhs, KAN-uhr-uhs)
http://wordsmith.org/words/canorous.mp3
MEANING: (adjective), Melodious; musical.
ETYMOLOGY: From Latin canere (to sing). Ultimately from the Indo-European root kan- (to sing) which also gave us hen, canto, cantor, recant, accent, chant, enchant, and incentive. Earliest documented use: 1646.
USAGE: “The canorous sounds … provided a cheery moment.” – Corrie Perkin; Off to an Opening in Earnest; The Australian (Sydney); Oct 13, 2008.
Explore “canorous” in the Visual Thesaurus.
http://visualthesaurus.com/?w1=canorous
cockalorum
PRONUNCIATION: (KOK-uh-lor-uhm, -LOAR-)
http://wordsmith.org/words/cockalorum.mp3
MEANING: (noun)
1. A self-important or boastful person.
2. Bragging.
ETYMOLOGY: From Middle English cock (rooster), of imitative origin. Earliest documented use: 1715.
USAGE:
“Sam also has to deal with a cockalorum fellow actor who shares just enough to demoralize him.” – Rohan Preston; ‘Fully Committed’ is Fully Glorious; Star-Tribune (Minneapolis, Minnesota); Jul 25, 2003.
“Once a comic space cowboy full of cockalorum, Spider One has refashioned himself into an advocate for our nation’s impressionable youth.” – Friendly Fire; The Boston Globe; May 28, 2003.
shambles
PRONUNCIATION: (SHAM-buhls)
http://wordsmith.org/words/shambles.mp3
MEANING: (noun)
1. A state of great disorder.
2. A scene of carnage.
3. A slaughterhouse.
ETYMOLOGY: From oak to acorn, from a little piece of furniture to a slaughterhouse. The word known today as shambles started out as scamnum (stool, bench). Over time the word’s sense evolved to “a vendor’s table”, more specifically, a butcher’s table. Eventually, the word came to be applied to a meat market or a slaughterhouse. From the state of disarray of such a place, today we use the word metaphorically to denote a place of complete disorder. That’s the story of a slaughterhouse. To know what became of a fish market, see billingsgate.
USAGE: “The program aims to rebuild a system in shambles before nearly 4,000 schools were destroyed.” – $2 Billion Sought to Overhaul Ruined Haiti Schools; Associated Press; May 15, 2010.
Explore “shambles” in the Visual Thesaurus.
http://visualthesaurus.com/?w1=shambles
rachmanism
PRONUNCIATION: (RAK-muh-niz-uhm)
http://wordsmith.org/words/rachmanism.mp3
MEANING: (noun), The exploitation and intimidation of tenants by landlords.
ETYMOLOGY: After Peter Rachman (1919-1962), a landlord in London who became notorious for unethical practices including driving out tenants to maximize revenue from his rental properties. Another fellow who got his name in the dictionary for harassing tenants is Charles Boycott (1832-1897), a British land agent in Ireland, whose mistreatment of tenants resulted in his getting ostracized, i.e. he was boycotted.
USAGE: “It is a story of pure Rachmanism. She had been threatened, had her rent cheque refused, her electricity cut off, and seen her absent neighbours’ flats cleared of all their possessions, while rubbish was dumped outside her door.” – Peter Beaumont; Drowned City Cuts Its Poor Adrift; The Observer (London, UK); Dec 11, 2005.
NOTES: The term Rachmanism is a Britishism, though unscrupulous landlords are found everywhere. The above usage example is from the UK, but even if not mentioned, it’d be easy to tell: in just one sentence it manages to include four examples that illustrate the spelling and vocabulary differences between British English and American English: cheque/check, neighbour/neighbor, flat/apartment, and rubbish/trash.