Today in History (October 22nd):
1734: Birthdays: American pioneer Daniel Boone.
1797: The first parachute jump was made by Andre-Jacques Garnerin, who dropped from a height of about 3,300 feet over a Paris park.
1811: Birthdays: Hungarian composer Franz Liszt.
1836: Gen. Sam Houston was sworn in as the first president of the Republic of Texas.
1844: Birthdays: Actor Sarah Bernhardt.
1903: Birthdays: Comic actor Curly Howard of The Three Stooges.
1907: Birthdays: Baseball Hall of Fame member Jimmie Foxx.
1917: Birthdays: Actor Joan Fontaine.
1919: Birthdays: English author Doris Lessing, winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize for literature.
1920: Birthdays: Psychologist and LSD advocate Timothy Leary.
1925: Birthdays: Artist Robert Rauschenberg.
1938: Inventor Charles Carlson produced the first dry, or xerographic, copy but had trouble attracting investors. Birthdays: Actor Derek Jacobi; Actor Christopher Lloyd.
1939: Birthdays: Actor Tony Roberts.
1942: Birthdays: Actor Annette Funicello.
1943: Birthdays: Actor Catherine Deneuve.
1946: Birthdays: Writer Deepak Chopra.
1952: Birthdays: Actor Jeff Goldblum.
1962: U.S. President John Kennedy announced that Soviet missiles had been deployed in Cuba and ordered a blockade of the island.
1963: Birthdays: Champion skater Brian Boitano.
1966: The Supremes became the first all-female group to score a No. 1 album, with Supremes a Go-Go.
1969: Birthdays: Film producer Spike Jonze.
1978: Pope John Paul II was installed as pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church.
1985: Birthdays: Musician Zac Hanson.
1990: U.S. President George H.W. Bush vetoed the Civil Rights Act of 1990, saying it would lead to a quota system.
1991: Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir warned that Israel would refuse to negotiate with any Palestinians who claimed alliance to the PLO.
1992: Pioneer sportscaster Red Barber died at age 84.
2001: Anthrax spores were found in a mail-opening machine serving the White House. Preliminary tests on 120 workers who sort mail for the executive mansion were negative. The Pentagon announced nearly 200 U.S. jets struck Taliban and al-Qaida facilities in western Afghanistan and disputed Taliban claims that 100 civilians died when a bomb hit a hospital. An estimated 500 people were killed when the Nigerian army attacked villages throughout the eastern state of Benue.
2003: A poll indicated 59 percent of Palestinians wanted attacks against Israel to continue even if Israel leaves the West Bank and Gaza.
2004: Rescuers confirmed 64 dead following an explosion in a central China coal mine. Eighty-four miners were missing in the toxic gas-filled shaft.
2009: The U.S. Congress expanded the law against hate crimes as an addition to a new $680 billion defense measure. The provision makes it a federal crime for the first time to assault someone because of sexual orientation or gender identity. Faced with a surge in neighborhood violence, London’s Metropolitan Police decided to put armed officers on street patrol for the first time.
2010: Nearly 400,000 previously secret U.S. documents on the war in Iraq were posted on the WikiLeaks Internet website. Three months earlier, more than 75,000 undisclosed Afghan conflict documents appeared.
2011: Libyan officials said ousted dictator Moammar Gadhafi stashed away more than $200 billion outside the country during his 42-year reign, reportedly enriched by Libyan oil. Crown Prince Sultan bin Abdul Aziz, heir to the Saudi Arabian throne, died after several years of medical problems. A half-brother of King Abdullah and a long-time power in the Saudi government, he was reported to be 81.
Quotes
“The worst kind of people are those who confuse kindness for weakness.” – Werner Makowski, banker (b. 1929)
“Happiness is not a state to arrive at, but a manner of traveling.” – Margaret Lee Runbeck, 1905-1956
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“God ever works with those who work with will.” – Aeschylus, 525-456 BC
“Never part without loving words to think of during your absence. It may be that you will not meet again in this life.” – Jean Paul Richter, 1763-1825
“I do not consider it an insult, but rather a compliment to be called an agnostic. I do not pretend to know where many ignorant men are sure — that is all that agnosticism means.” – Clarence Darrow
“Where the light is brightest, the shadows are deepest.” – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, poet, dramatist, novelist, and philosopher (1749-1832)
“There are several good protections against temptation, but the surest is cowardice.” – Mark Twain
“Single men are idiots for not coming to the Burlesque Hall of Fame.” – Talloolah Love
Sarah Bernhardt (1844-1923) French actor:
“Life begets life. Energy creates energy. It is by spending oneself that one becomes rich.”
“I have, thanks to my travels, added to my stock all the superstitions of other countries. I know them all now, and in any critical moment of my life, they all rise up in armed legions for or against me.”
“Once the curtain is raised, the actor is ceases to belong to himself. He belongs to his character, to his author, to his public. He must do the impossible to identify himself with the first, not to betray the second, and not to disappoint the third.”
“The monster of advertisement… is a sort of octopus with innumerable tentacles. It throws out to right and left, in front and behind, its clammy arms, and gathers in, through its thousand little suckers, all the gossip and slander and praise afloat, to spit out again at the public.”
“The truth, the absolute truth, is that the chief beauty for the theatre consists in fine bodily proportions.”
“He who is incapable of feeling strong passions, of being shaken by anger, of living in every sense of the word, will never be a good actor.”
“Legend remains victorious in spite of history.”
Hibernian
PRONUNCIATION: (hy-BUR-nee-uhn)
http://wordsmith.org/words/hibernian.mp3
MEANING:
adjective: Of or relating to Ireland.
noun: A native or inhabitant of Ireland.
ETYMOLOGY: From Hibernia, the Latin name for Ireland. The word hibernate is from Latin hibernare (to spend the winter). Earliest documented use: 1632.
USAGE: “This lively bar is long on Hibernian charm, and patrons are smitten with the pub’s thick Irish stew.”
Indianapolis Monthly; Sep 2008.
potamophilous
PRONUNCIATION: (pah-teh-MAH-feh-lehs)
MEANING: adjective: River-loving, enamored of rivers; pertaining to river-lovers.
ETYMOLOGY: The study of rivers is “potamology” [pah-te-‘mah-le-gi] and potamologists study rivers using a potamometer [pe-te-‘mah-me-tr] to measure the river’s current. But you don’t have to be a scientist to be a potamophile (someone who loves rivers). It sounds like “hippopotamus” pronounced backwards but it is an adjective in its own right, not unrelated “hippopotamus,” itself a very potamophilous animal. The root of “potamos” is Proto-Indo-European pot-/pet-/pt- “fly, flow.” In “potamos” it means “flowing water” but the vowelless variant with the suffix -r turns up in pteron “wing,” found in pterodactyl “wing-finger.” The same vowelless variant is found in Russian pt-ica “bird.” English inherited the e-variant with the same r-suffix as Greek, *pet-r-. When [p] became [f] and [t] became [th], we got “feather.” Sanskrit pattram “feather, leaf” shares the same source, as does Latin penna “feather, wing” from earlier pet-na.
USAGE: “Peter Potter picked a potamophilous party to participate in, so that he could help reduce the pollution of rivers.”
predial or praedial
PRONUNCIATION: (PREE-dee-uhl)
MEANING: adjective: Of or relating to land, farming, etc.
ETYMOLOGY: From Latin praedium (estate), from praes (bondsman), from prae- (before) + vas (surety). Earliest documented use: 1461.
USAGE: “Agrarian outbreaks, in many places, assumed the aspect of a predial war.” – Johnson Rossiter; The Great Events by Famous Historians; 1905.